Racoons

racoons

Overview

Raccoons are among the most common nuisance animals in Florida. Highly intelligent and adaptable, they are known for raiding trash bins, invading attics, and nesting in crawl spaces or chimneys. Their nocturnal behavior and dexterous paws allow them to exploit nearly any entry point, making them a recurring issue for homeowners and property managers alike.

Identification

Raccoons are medium-sized mammals with distinctive black “mask” markings across their eyes and ringed tails. Adult raccoons typically weigh between 10 and 30 pounds. They are primarily active at night and are often seen scavenging for food or climbing trees and structures.

Typical Habitats

• Attics and soffits
• Crawl spaces and basements
• Chimneys without proper caps
• Sheds, garages, and under decks
• Hollow trees or dense shrubbery near human dwellings

Behavior and Seasonal Patterns

Raccoons seek warm, quiet spaces to den and raise their young, especially in spring and early summer. Females may become aggressive if cornered while protecting their kits. During colder months, they remain less active but do not hibernate. Raccoons are opportunistic feeders and will eat pet food, garbage, garden produce, insects, small animals, and bird eggs. Their ability to pry open containers or squeeze through small gaps makes prevention essential.

Damage and Health Risks

  • Structural damage to roof vents, soffits, insulation, and ductwork
  • Contamination from feces and urine, especially in attics
  • Transmission of diseases such as rabies, roundworm, and leptospirosis
  • Aggression when cornered, especially by females with young

Legal and Ethical Considerations

Raccoons are considered nuisance wildlife in Florida and may be removed if causing damage or posing health risks. However, certain restrictions apply to trapping and relocation, especially regarding juvenile animals during nesting season. Improper handling can result in animal suffering and legal consequences.

Prevention and Exclusion

  • Seal attic vents, chimney openings, and foundation gaps
  • Use raccoon-proof trash cans and avoid leaving pet food outdoors
  • Trim overhanging tree limbs to reduce roof access
  • Install exclusion barriers or one-way doors only after confirming no young are present

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